In a certificate-based authentication, a user or machine proves their identity to the servers and networks with a certificate that is digitally signed by a certificate authority, a trusted centralized entity responsible for issuing and managing certificates. Many popular servers support certificate-based authentication, but people often opt-in for a password or key-based authentication to avoid certificate management overhead.
Running penetration tests of a mature web application is always a great challenge. Systems are usually well hardened, and scanners fall short of flagging anything interesting, requiring an experienced security engineer to identify vulnerabilities using advanced exploitation methods. On the other side, some applications are going for their first release ever or release after a major code change.
The supply chain for organizations has become increasingly susceptible to unplanned cybersecurity interruptions that negatively impact revenue, inventory, and consumer confidence. As a result, there has been an increasing focus on understanding how critical services are delivered, the reliance on third parties and fourth parties, and key risk controls that can be implemented to mitigate the risk of cyber security incidents.
Grooming techniques used in various frauds are getting more common and more elaborate. Fraudsters are coming up with narratives that involve complicated lies and may have different stages, depending on the type of fraud. Often, different actors are brought into the story. These actors also lie to the victim, in order to support the narrative. The purpose of expanding the fraud in this way is to groom the victim to dismiss their doubts or concerns and comply with requests.