The GNOME Display Manager (GDM) is a program that facilitates graphical user login for Linux systems using GNOME, running and managing the X.Org display servers for both local and remote logins. The GNOME Display Manager (GDM) is the login graphical user interface (GUI) and manager for the GNOME desktop environment within Linux. GDM runs in the background and is a replacement for X Display Manager (XDM), handling user authentication, and initiating desktop sessions.

Repo_GPGcheck ensures linux verifies the authenticity of software packages downloaded from repositories, reinforcing overall system security and safeguarding against unauthorized software sources. A repository in Linux is a storage location where software packages are managed and organized. When installing or updating software, Redhat based Linux systems pull the required packages from these repositories using the YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) package manager.

Linux distributions come with Discretionary Access Control (DAC) preinstalled in them. A sudo user is usually created in a Linux system to work at root-level privileges. DAC system provides the sudo user with all the administrator rights which may be a security threat if the sudo user is not trustworthy. SELinux is a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system that replaced traditional DAC systems in modern Linux OS. SELinux allows the system admins to have more control over who can access the system.

Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) is a Linux security feature that randomizes the location of key areas of a program's memory. This makes it harder for malicious actors to predict the specific areas to target in their attacks. Enabling ASLR can significantly reduce the risk of specific memory based exploits, common in buffer overflow attacks. Address Space Layout Randomization(ASLR) is a security technique that randomizes the memory locations of system and application processes each time they run.

The Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) is a widely used printing system on Unix-like operating systems, but recent vulnerabilities have exposed significant risks. The most critical is CVE-2024-47176, which affects the cups-browsed service by binding to the IP address INADDR_ANY:631. This configuration flaw causes it to trust all incoming packets, leading to potential remote code execution when interacting with malicious printers. This vulnerability is part of a chain of exploits, including.

CVE-2023-2163 is a critical vulnerability in the Linux Kernel, specifically affecting kernel versions 5.4 and above (excluding 6.3). This vulnerability arises from incorrect verifier pruning in the Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF), leading to unsafe code paths being incorrectly marked as safe. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 Base Score of 8.8, indicating its high severity. The consequences are arbitrary read/write in kernel memory, lateral privilege escalation and container escape.